How to Avoid Ear Injuries and Infection

There is much more to the ear than appears on thediseases will determine the presence of infection
outside of the head. That part, easily visible, ifearly, and immediate application of proper treatment
unusually prominent gives a lot of concern. In additioncan prevent extension of the infection into the
to the external ear, the apparatus for hearingmastoid or inner ear.
includes the middle ear and the internal ear.Hygiene Of The Ear
The external ear includes the portion that is on theAn Irish doctor said that there are two kinds of
outside and the small canal which runs down as far asdeafness - one due to wax in the ear, which can be
the eardrum. It is a collection of skin and other tissuecured by washing it out, and the other not due to
such as cartilage and muscle. In most human beingwax. Most people nowadays know enough about
the muscles are merely remnants of the largepersonal hygiene to keep their ears clean. Boils and
muscles possessed by animals, so that few peoplepimples still occur, and there are still cases in which
are able to move their ears with any degree ofthe removal of hardened wax is necessary. The
celerity or satisfaction.cerumen, or wax in the ear, when it becomes
Plastic Surgery For Lop Earshardened is most easily removed by the use of the
There are really few conditions affecting the externalear syringe filled with slightly warm water. Harm can
ear that are disturbing. Sometimes large portions ofbe done by needless or too frequent syringing. The
the ear may be absent at birth. Occasionally the earssyringe should be sterilized by boiling before using,
project in an extremely unsightly manner. A theseand water should be previously boiled and used warm
extraordinary appearances are controlled nowadaysbut not hot.
by the use of plastic surgery. An expert is able toThe person whose ear is to be syringed should sit in
fasten the ear back if it project exceedingly, toa good light, a towel should be put around the neck
rebuild an ear out of other tissue if portions areand tucked inside the clothing so as to prevent soiling
missing and to modify the shape of the ear if it is ofit, a pan should be held at the edge of the ear so
extraordinary shape.that the fluid which runs in will run into the basin and
Many mothers feel that the ear became a lop earnot down the patient's neck. The ear is pulled slightly
because the chill lay on his ear with the ear crumpledupward and backward to straighten out the passage.
when he was small or because he wore his hatWith the ear held in this position, the nozzle of the
pressed down on the ears. There is no evidence thatsyringe, which has been filled and has all the air
these factors are really of any importance. The faultexpelled, is placed just inside the outer opening of
is one of anatomical development. Manipulation of andthe ear. The water is then permitted to flow along
bandaging the ears to hold then against the head willthe back wall slowly and without too great pressure,
not correct the condition.so as to permit return of the excess flow of water
"Tin Ears"as the water goes in.
One of the most common forms of injury to theSpecial instruments are usually needed for removing
external ear is the development of what the pugilistforeign objects. A probe with adhesive at the end
calls a "tin ear." Repeated pounding on the ear resultsmay attach itself to a foreign object which can then
in the pouring out of blood into the tissues of the earbe pulled out. Usually experts have the instruments
and surrounding areas. At first such swellings areand can do this performance easily.
bluish-red; they feel to the touch like dough. In theMiddle Ear Infection, Or Otitis Media
worst cases surgeons open the tissue and removeInfection of the interior of the ear after a sore
the clot of blood to prevent permanent thickeningthroat is not nearly so frequent as such infections
and swelling. They also apply special bandages toused to be. The specific action against staphylococci,
mold the ear and hold it in shape while repair is takingpneumococci, streptococci, and other germs that
place.infect noses and throats wrought by the antibiotic
Infection In Earsdrugs and sulfonamides has enormously reduced such
Cases are on record in which living insects havecomplications. However, neglect of a sore throat or a
entered the ear. They died and their bodies remained,virulent infection may occasionally be followed by
gradually becoming surrounded by hardened wax, sospread of the germs to the middle ear. One or both
that eventually the external canal was blocked andears may be infected. The condition usually begins
hearing lost entirely. Outside of the loss of hearing,with a pain in the ear and a high fever. The pain is
no damage is likely to result. More damage comescontinuous, but may be irregular, and is usually worse
from attempts to remove material from the ear thanat night. When the, doctor looks at the eardrum it is
' from the entrance of the material itself. It is notseen to be bulging. If the drum is not opened the
advisable for anyone to try to remove a foreignpressure may cause it to burst. Then a thin watery
body from the outer ear if it cannot be washed out,discharge will come out, often changing to thick
unless he has had special training in this type of work.creamy pus. When the eardrum is cut or bursts the
Removing Foreign Objectspain stops immediately and usually the temperature
Several instruments have been developed forfalls.
removing foreign objects. A bean or piece of chalkBlow The Nose Properly
has been removed by the use of a probe with someOften the middle ear is infected because a child has
adhesive material on the end. This becomes adherentnot learned how to blow the nose properly. The
to the bean or piece of chalk, which is then graduallyworst technique is to hold both nostrils tightly when
withdrawn. Such performances are, however, bestblowing, since this forces the infected material from
left to the experts.back of the nose into the middle ear. The proper
A pimple or boil or any other infection in the tissuetechnique requires that only one nostril be held and
lining the external ear canal will cause intense pain,that blowing be gentle. Preferably, the handkerchief
inflammation, swelling, and some fever, and shouldor disposable tissue should be held quite loosely over
have prompt medical attention.the opening of the nostrils.
How To Avoid Ear InjuriesMiddle-ear infection may lead to some degree of
Far better than the attempt to treat such conditionsdeafness and, rarely, to permanent loss of hearing.
when they develop is the application of simple lawsFollowing an infection the child should be taken to a
of hygiene that tend to prevent infections in the ear.specialist-an otorhinolaryngologist-who will test the
Increased bathing and swimming have multiplied theloss of hearing and do everything possible to stop
number of cases of infection in the ear arising fromthe progress of infection and restore action to the
that source. Children should not be permitted to swimdamaged tissues of the ear.
more than fifteen or twenty minute at a time. IfMastoiditis used to be frequent after infection of the
they tend to have trouble with the ears they shouldear, but now the total number of cases of
not be permitted to dive. The child who complains ofmastoiditis has been greatly reduced by the antibiotic
difficulties in hearing or of fullness in the head afterdrugs. Pain and tenderness in the region behind the
swimming should give up the sport. This is nature'sear are the first symptoms of inflammation of the
way of warning against trouble.mastoid. The skin may be swollen so that the
The vast majority of infections of the ear areexternal ear seems to be pushed away from the
secondary to colds in the head and influenza. Abouthead. Early treatment of infected ears will usually
10 per cent of children with scarlet fever andprevent this complication. Surgical treatment of
measles develop infections of the ear. About 5 permastoiditis involves an operation in which the infected
cent of those with diphtheria develop infections ofarea is opened and the infected material cleaned out.
the ear. Other cases develop after mumps, typhoidUnless controlled, a secondary inflammation of the
fever, whooping cough, and similar infections.coverings of the brain meningitis - is possible.
Prompt care of children with various infectious